---
kind: "section"
citation: "7 U.S.C. § 6971"
title: "7"
title_heading: "Agriculture"
number: "6971"
heading: "Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics"
release: "119-102"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/7/6971"
units:
  - "Chapter 98 — Department of Agriculture Reorganization"
  - "Subchapter VI — Research, Education, and Economics"
---

# §6971. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics

- (a) **Authorization—** The [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) is authorized to establish in the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) the position of Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics (referred to in this section as the “Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3)”).
- (b) **Confirmation required—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, from among distinguished scientists with specialized training or significant experience in agricultural research, education, and economics.
- (c) **Chief Scientist—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall—
  - (1) hold the title of Chief Scientist of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1); and
  - (2) be responsible for the coordination of the research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) activities of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1).
- (d) **Functions of Under Secretary—**
  - (1) **Principal function—** The [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall delegate to the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) those [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) and duties under the jurisdiction of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) that relate to research, education, and economics.
  - (2) **Specific functions and duties—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall—
    - (A) identify, address, and prioritize current and emerging agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) needs (including funding);
    - (B) ensure that agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) programs are effectively coordinated and integrated—
      - (i) across disciplines, agencies, and institutions; and
      - (ii) among applicable participants, grantees, and beneficiaries;
    - (C) promote the collaborative use of all agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) resources from the local, [State](/usc/7/1359aa.md?p=5), tribal, regional, national, and international levels to address priority needs; and
    - (D) foster communication among agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) beneficiaries, including the public, to ensure the delivery of agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) knowledge.
  - (3) **Additional functions—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall perform such other [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) and duties as may be required by law or prescribed by the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3).
- (e) **Office of the Chief Scientist—**
  - (1) **Establishment—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall organize within the office of the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) 6 [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6), to be known collectively as the “Office of the Chief Scientist”, which shall coordinate the research programs and activities of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1).
  - (2) **Division designations—** The [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) within the Office of the Chief Scientist shall be as follows:
    - (A) Renewable energy, natural resources, and environment.
    - (B) Food safety, nutrition, and health.
    - (C) [Plant](/usc/7/8901.md?p=10) health and production and [plant](/usc/7/8901.md?p=10) products.
    - (D) [Animal](/usc/7/8901.md?p=7) health and production and [animal](/usc/7/8901.md?p=7) products.
    - (E) Agricultural systems and technology.
    - (F) Agricultural economics and [rural](/usc/7/1991.md?p=a-13-B) communities.
  - (3) **Division Chiefs—**
    - (A) **Selection—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall select a [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chief for each [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) using available personnel [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) under [title 5](/usc/5.md), including—
      - (i) by term, temporary, or other appointment, without regard to—
        - (I) the provisions of [title 5](/usc/5.md) governing appointments in the competitive service;
        - (II) the provisions of subchapter I of [chapter 35](/usc/5/chptIII-sptB-ch35.md) of title 5 relating to retention preference; and
        - (III) the provisions of [chapter 51](/usc/7/ch51.md) and subchapter III of [chapter 53](/usc/5/chptIII-sptD-ch53.md) of title 5 relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates;
      - (ii) by detail, notwithstanding any Act making appropriations for the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) of Agriculture, whether enacted before, on, or after the date of enactment of this paragraph, requiring reimbursement for those details unless the appropriation Act specifically refers to this subsection and specifically includes these details;
      - (iii) by reassignment or transfer from any other civil service position; and
      - (iv) by an assignment under subchapter VI of [chapter 33](/usc/5/chptIII-sptB-ch33.md) of title 5.
    - (B) **Selection guidelines—** To the maximum extent practicable, the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall select [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chiefs under [subparagraph (A)](#e-3-A) in a manner that—
      - (i) promotes leadership and professional development;
      - (ii) enables personnel to interact with other agencies of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1); and
      - (iii) maximizes the ability of the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) to allow for rotations of [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) personnel into the position of [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chief.
    - (C) **Term of service—** Notwithstanding [title 5](/usc/5.md), the maximum length of service for an individual selected as a [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chief under clauses [(i)](#e-3-A-i) and [(iii)](#e-3-A-iii) of subparagraph (A) shall be for not less than 3 years.
    - (D) **Qualifications—** To be eligible for selection as a [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chief, an individual shall have—
      - (i) conducted exemplary research, education, or [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) in the field of agriculture or forestry; and
      - (ii) earned an advanced degree at an institution of higher education (as defined in [section 1001 of title 20](/usc/20/1001.md)).
    - (E) **Duties of Division Chiefs—** Except as otherwise provided in this Act, each [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chief shall—
      - (i) assist the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) in identifying and addressing emerging agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) needs;
      - (ii) assist the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) in identifying and prioritizing [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1)-wide agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) needs, including funding;
      - (iii) assess the strategic workforce needs of the research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1), and develop strategic workforce plans to ensure that existing and future workforce needs are met;
      - (iv) communicate with research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) beneficiaries, including the public, and representatives of the research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) system, including the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), Education, and Economics [Advisory Board](/usc/7/7601.md?p=4), to promote the benefits of agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5);
      - (v) assist the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) in preparing and implementing the roadmap for agricultural research, education, and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), as described in [section 7614a of this title](/usc/7/7614a.md); and
      - (vi) perform such other duties as the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) may determine.
  - (4) **Additional leadership duties—** In addition to selecting the [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) Chiefs under [paragraph (3)](#e-3), using available personnel [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) under [title 5](/usc/5.md), the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall select personnel—
    - (A) to oversee implementation, training, and compliance with the scientific integrity policy of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1);
    - (B)
      - (i) to integrate strategic program planning and evaluation [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) across the programs of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1); and
      - (ii) to help prepare the annual report to Congress on the relevance and adequacy of programs under the jurisdiction of the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3);
    - (C) to assist the Chief Scientist in coordinating the international engagements of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) with the Department of State and other international agencies and offices of the Federal Government; and
    - (D) to oversee other duties as may be required by Federal law or [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) policy.
  - (5) **General administration—**
    - (A) **Funding—**
      - (i) **Authorization of appropriations—** There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to [fund](/usc/7/4531.md?p=5) the costs of [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) personnel.
      - (ii) **Additional funding—** In addition to amounts made available under [clause (i)](#e-5-A-i), notwithstanding any Act making appropriations for the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) of Agriculture, whether enacted before, on, or after the date of enactment of this paragraph unless the appropriation Act specifically refers to this subsection and specifically includes the administration of [funds](/usc/7/4531.md?p=5) under this section, the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) may transfer [funds](/usc/7/4531.md?p=5) made available to an agency in the research, education, and economics mission [area](/usc/7/1471.md?p=5) to [fund](/usc/7/4531.md?p=5) the costs of [Division](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) personnel.
    - (B) **Limitation—** To the maximum extent practicable—
      - (i) the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall minimize the number of full-time equivalent positions in the [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6); and
      - (ii) at no time shall the aggregate number of staff for all [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) exceed 30 full-time equivalent positions.
    - (C) **Rotation of personnel—** To the maximum extent practicable, and using the [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) described in [paragraph (3)(A)](#e-3-A), the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall rotate personnel among the [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6), and between the [Divisions](/usc/7/6991.md?p=6) and agencies of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1), in a manner that—
      - (i) promotes leadership and professional development;
      - (ii) enables personnel to interact with other agencies of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1); and
      - (iii) provides strong staff continuity to the Office of the Chief Scientist.
  - (6) **Organization—** The Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall integrate leadership [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) of the national program staff of the research agencies into the Office of the Chief Scientist in such form as is required to ensure that administrative duplication does not occur.
- (f) **National Institute of Food and Agriculture—**
  - (1) **Definitions—** In this subsection:
    - (A) **Advisory Board—** The term “Advisory Board” means the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), Education, and Economics Advisory Board established under section 1408 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3123](/usc/7/3123.md)).
    - (B) **Applied research—** The term “applied research” means research that includes expansion of the findings of [fundamental research](#f-1-F) to uncover practical ways in which new knowledge can be advanced to benefit individuals and society.
    - (C) **Capacity and infrastructure program—** The term “capacity and infrastructure program” means each of the following agricultural research, [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), education, and related programs for which the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) has administrative or other [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) as of the day before the date of enactment of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008:
      - (i) Each program providing funding to any of the [1994 Institutions](/usc/7/3292.md?p=a-1) under sections 533, 534(a), and 535 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 ([7 U.S.C. 301](/usc/7/301.md) note; Public Law 103–382).
      - (ii) The program established under section 536 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 ([7 U.S.C. 301](/usc/7/301.md) note; Public Law 103–382) providing research grants for [1994 Institutions](/usc/7/3292.md?p=a-1).
      - (iii) Each program established under subsections (b) and (c) of [section 343 of this title](/usc/7/343.md).
      - (iv) Each program established under the Hatch Act of 1887 ([7 U.S.C. 361a](/usc/7/361a.md) et seq.).
      - (v) Each program established under section 1417(b) of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3152(b)](/usc/7/3152.md?p=b)).
      - (vi) The [animal](/usc/7/8901.md?p=7) health and disease research program established under subtitle E of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3191](/usc/7/3191.md) et seq.)[^1] except for the competitive grant program under [section 1433(b)](/usc/7/1433.md) [[7 U.S.C. 3195(b)](/usc/7/3195.md?p=b)].
      - (vii) Each [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) program available to [1890 Institutions](/usc/7/3292.md?p=a-1) established under [section 1444](/usc/7/1444.md) of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3221](/usc/7/3221.md)).
      - (viii) The program established under section 1445 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3222](/usc/7/3222.md)).
      - (ix) The program providing grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities at [1890 Institutions](/usc/7/3292.md?p=a-1) established under [section 1447](/usc/7/1447.md) of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3222b](/usc/7/3222b.md)).
      - (x) The program providing distance education grants for insular [areas](/usc/7/1471.md?p=5) established under section 1490 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3362](/usc/7/3362.md)).
      - (xi) The program providing resident instruction grants for insular [areas](/usc/7/1471.md?p=5) established under section 1491 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3363](/usc/7/3363.md)).
      - (xii) Each research and development and related program established under Public Law 87–788 (commonly known as the “McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act”) ([16 U.S.C. 582a](/usc/16/582a.md) et seq.).
      - (xiii) Each program established under the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978 ([16 U.S.C. 1671](/usc/16/1671.md) et seq.).
      - (xiv) Each program providing funding to [Hispanic-serving agricultural colleges and universities](/usc/7/3103.md?p=10-B) under section 1456 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 [[7 U.S.C. 3243](/usc/7/3243.md)].
      - (xv) The program providing capacity grants to [NLGCA Institutions](/usc/7/7614.md?p=6) under section 1473F of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 [[7 U.S.C. 3319i](/usc/7/3319i.md)].
      - (xvi) Other programs that are [capacity and infrastructure programs](#f-1-C), as determined by the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3).
    - (D) **Competitive program—** The term “competitive program” means each of the following agricultural research, [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), education, and related programs for which the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) has administrative or other [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) as of the day before the date of enactment of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008:
      - (i) The Agriculture and Food Research Initiative established under [section 3157(b) of this title](/usc/7/3157.md?p=b).
      - (ii) The program providing competitive grants for risk management education established under [section 1524(a) of this title](/usc/7/1524.md?p=a).
      - (iii) The program providing community food project competitive grants established under [section 2034 of this title](/usc/7/2034.md).
      - (iv) The beginning farmer and rancher development grant program established under subsection (d) of [section 2279 of this title](/usc/7/2279.md).
      - (v) The program providing grants under section 1417(j) of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3152(j)](/usc/7/3152.md?p=j)).
      - (vi) The program providing grants for Hispanic-serving institutions established under section 1455 of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3241](/usc/7/3241.md)).
      - (vii) The program providing competitive grants for international agricultural science and education programs under section 1459A of the National Agricultural Research, [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ([7 U.S.C. 3292b](/usc/7/3292b.md)).
      - (viii) The research and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) projects carried out under [section 5811 of this title](/usc/7/5811.md).
      - (ix) The organic agriculture research and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) initiative established under [section 5925b of this title](/usc/7/5925b.md).
      - (x) The specialty crop research initiative under [section 7632 of this title](/usc/7/7632.md).
      - (xi) The research, [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5), and education programs authorized by [section 7627 of this title](/usc/7/7627.md) relating to the competitiveness, viability and sustainability of small- and medium-sized dairy, livestock, and poultry operations.
      - (xii) Other programs that are [competitive programs](#f-1-D), as determined by the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3).
    - (E) **Director—** The term “Director” means the Director of the [Institute](#f-1-G).
    - (F) **Fundamental research—** The term “fundamental research” means research that—
      - (i) increases knowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects of phenomena and has the potential for broad application; and
      - (ii) has an effect on agriculture, food, nutrition, or the environment.
    - (G) **Institute—** The term “Institute” means the National Institute of Food and Agriculture established by [paragraph (2)(A)](#f-2-A).
  - (2) **Establishment of National Institute of Food and Agriculture—**
    - (A) **Establishment—** The [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall establish within the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) an agency to be known as the “National [Institute](#f-1-G) of Food and Agriculture”.
    - (B) **Transfer of authorities—** The [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) shall transfer to the [Institute](#f-1-G), effective not later than October 1, 2009, the [authorities](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) (including all budget [authorities](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1), available appropriations, and personnel), duties, obligations, and related legal and administrative [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) prescribed by law or otherwise granted to the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1), or any other agency or official of the [Department](/usc/7/6902.md?p=1) under—
      - (i) the [capacity and infrastructure programs](#f-1-C);
      - (ii) the [competitive programs](#f-1-D);
      - (iii) the research, education, economic, cooperative [State](/usc/7/1359aa.md?p=5) research programs, cooperative [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) and education programs, international programs, and other [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) and [authorities](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) delegated by the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) to the Administrator of the Cooperative [State](/usc/7/1359aa.md?p=5) Research, Education, and [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) Service pursuant to [section 2.66 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations](/cfr/7/2.66.md) (or successor regulations); and
      - (iv) any and all other [authorities](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) administered by the Administrator of the Cooperative [State](/usc/7/1359aa.md?p=5) Research, Education, and [Extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) Service.
  - (3) **Director—**
    - (A) **In general—** The [Institute](#f-1-G) shall be headed by a [Director](#f-1-E), who shall be an individual who is—
      - (i) a distinguished scientist; and
      - (ii) appointed by the President.
    - (B) **Supervision—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall report directly to the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), or the designee of the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3).
    - (C) **Functions of the Director—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall—
      - (i) serve for a 6-year term, subject to reappointment for an additional 6-year term;
      - (ii) periodically report to the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), or the designee of the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), with respect to activities carried out by the [Institute](#f-1-G); and
      - (iii) consult regularly with the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), or the designee of the [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3), to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that—
        - (I) research of the [Institute](#f-1-G) is relevant to agriculture in the [United States](/usc/7/6402.md?p=8) and otherwise serves the national interest; and
        - (II) the research of the [Institute](#f-1-G) supplements and enhances, and does not supplant, research conducted or funded by other Federal agencies.
    - (D) **Compensation—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall receive basic pay at a rate not to exceed the maximum amount of compensation payable to a member of the Senior Executive Service under subsection (b) of [section 5382 of title 5](/usc/5/5382.md), except that the certification requirement in that subsection shall not apply to the compensation of the [Director](#f-1-E).
    - (E) **Authority and responsibilities of Director—** Except as otherwise specifically provided in this subsection, the [Director](#f-1-E) shall—
      - (i) exercise all of the [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) provided to the [Institute](#f-1-G) by this subsection;
      - (ii) formulate and administer programs in accordance with policies adopted by the [Institute](#f-1-G), in coordination with the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3);
      - (iii) establish offices within the [Institute](#f-1-G);
      - (iv) establish procedures for the provision and administration of grants by the [Institute](#f-1-G); and
      - (v) consult regularly with the [Advisory Board](#f-1-A).
  - (4) **Regulations—** The [Institute](#f-1-G) shall have such [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) as is necessary to carry out this subsection, including the [authority](/usc/7/2009aa.md?p=1) to promulgate such regulations as the [Institute](#f-1-G) considers to be necessary for governance of operations, organization, and personnel.
  - (5) **Administration—**
    - (A) **In general—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall organize offices and [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) within the [Institute](#f-1-G) to administer fundamental and [applied research](#f-1-B) and [extension](/usc/7/5801.md?p=b-5) and education programs.
    - (B) **Research priorities—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall ensure the research priorities established by the Under [Secretary](/usc/7/6902.md?p=3) through the Office of the Chief Scientist are carried out by the offices and [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) of the [Institute](#f-1-G), where applicable.
    - (C) **Fundamental and applied research—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall—
      - (i) determine an appropriate balance between fundamental and [applied research](#f-1-B) programs and [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) to ensure future research needs are met; and
      - (ii) designate staff, as appropriate, to assist in carrying out this subparagraph.
    - (D) **Competitively funded awards—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall—
      - (i) promote the use and growth of grants awarded through a competitive process; and
      - (ii) designate staff, as appropriate, to assist in carrying out this subparagraph.
    - (E) **Coordination—** The [Director](#f-1-E) shall ensure that the offices and [functions](/usc/7/6902.md?p=4) established under [subparagraph (A)](#f-5-A) are effectively coordinated for maximum efficiency.
  - (6) **Funding—**
    - (A) **In general—** In addition to [funds](/usc/7/4531.md?p=5) otherwise appropriated to carry out each program administered by the [Institute](#f-1-G), there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subsection for each fiscal year.
    - (B) **Allocation—** Funding made available under [subparagraph (A)](#f-6-A) shall be allocated according to recommendations contained in the roadmap described in [section 7614a of this title](/usc/7/7614a.md).

## Footnotes

[^1]: So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 251, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3226; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, § 7511(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1259; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, § 7511(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2021; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, §§ 7111(b)(2), 7212(b), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 874, 886; Pub. L. 115–334, title XI, § 11125(b), title XII, §§ 12301(a)(2)(B), 12411(a), (b)(1), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4936, 4950, 4978, 4979.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### References in Text

The date of enactment of this paragraph and the date of enactment of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in subsecs. (e)(3)(A)(ii), (5)(A)(ii), and (f)(1)(C), (D), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–246, which was approved June 18, 2008.

This Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(E), is Pub. L. 103–354, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3178, known as the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6901 of this title and Tables.

The Hatch Act of 1887, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C)(iv), is act Mar. 2, 1887, ch. 314, 24 Stat. 440, which is classified generally to sections 361a to 361i of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 361a of this title and Tables.

The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C)(vi), is title XIV of Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 913. Subtitle E of the Act is classified generally to subchapter V (§ 3191 et seq.) of chapter 64 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.

Public Law 87–788, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C)(xii), is Pub. L. 87–788, Oct. 10, 1962, 76 Stat. 806, popularly known as the “McIntire-Stennis Act of 1962” and also as the “McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act”, which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 582a et seq.) of chapter 3 of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 582a of Title 16 and Tables.

The Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C)(xiii), is Pub. L. 95–306, June 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 349, which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 1671 et seq.) of chapter 36 of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1978 Amendments note set out under section 1600 of Title 16 and Tables.

### Codification

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

Section is comprised of section 251 of Pub. L. 103–354. Subsec. (g), formerly (e), of section 251 of Pub. L. 103–354, as redesignated by Pub. L. 110–246, § 7511(a)(3), amended section 5314 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

### Amendments

2018—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(1), substituted “Office of the Chief Scientist” for “Research, Education, and Extension Office” in heading.

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(2), substituted “Office of the Chief Scientist” for “Research, Education, and Extension Office”.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(3), substituted “Office of the Chief Scientist” for “Research, Education, and Extension Office” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (e)(3)(C). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(4), substituted “clauses (i) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall be for not less than 3 years” for “subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 4 years”.

Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(6), added par. (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5).

Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(5), redesignated par. (4) as (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (6).

Subsec. (e)(5)(A). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(7)(A), designated existing provisions as cl. (ii), inserted heading, substituted “In addition to amounts made available under clause (i), notwithstanding” for “Notwithstanding”, and added cl. (i).

Subsec. (e)(5)(C)(iii). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(7)(B), added cl. (iii).

Subsec. (e)(6). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(a)(5), (8), redesignated par. (5) as (6) and substituted “Office of the Chief Scientist” for “Research, Education, and Extension Office”.

Subsec. (f)(1)(D)(ii). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(b), substituted “section 1524(a) of this title” for “section 1524(a)(3) of this title”.

Subsec. (f)(1)(D)(iv). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12301(a)(2)(B), added cl. (iv) and struck out former cl. (iv) which read as follows: “The program providing grants for beginning farmer and rancher development established under section 3319f of this title.”

Subsec. (f)(5)(B). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12411(b)(1), substituted “Office of the Chief Scientist” for “Research, Education and Extension Office”.

2014—Subsec. (f)(1)(C)(vi). Pub. L. 113–79, § 7111(b)(2), inserted “except for the competitive grant program under section 1433(b)” before period at end.

Subsec. (f)(1)(D)(xi) to (xiii). Pub. L. 113–79, § 7212(b), redesignated cls. (xii) and (xiii) as (xi) and (xii), respectively, and struck out former cl. (xi) which read as follows: “The administration and management of the Agricultural Bioenergy Feedstock and Energy Efficiency Research and Extension Initiative carried out under section 5925e of this title.”

2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7511(a)(1), inserted “(referred to in this section as the ‘Under Secretary’)” before period at end.

Subsecs. (b) to (f). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7511(a)(2), (4), added subsecs. (b) to (f) and struck out former subsecs. (b) to (d) which related to Senate confirmation, functions of the Under Secretary, and establishment and functions of the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service.

### Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.