---
kind: "range"
citation: "5 U.S.C. §§ 5542–5546"
title: "5"
from: "5542"
to: "5546"
count: 8
release: "119-102"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/5/5542..5546"
---

# §5542. Overtime rates; computation

- (a) For full-time, part-time and intermittent tours of duty, hours of work officially ordered or approved in excess of 40 hours in an administrative workweek, or (with the exception of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientific activities for whom the first 40 hours of duty in an administrative workweek is the basic workweek and an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose basic pay exceeds the minimum rate for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law) for whom the first 40 hours of duty in an administrative workweek is the basic workweek) in excess of 8 hours in a day, performed by an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) are overtime work and shall be paid for, except as otherwise provided by this subchapter, at the following rates:
  - (1) For an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose basic pay is at a rate which does not exceed the minimum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law), the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to one and one-half times the hourly rate of basic pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), and all that amount is premium pay.
  - (2) For an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose basic pay is at a rate which exceeds the minimum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law), the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to the greater of one and one-half times the hourly rate of the minimum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law) or the hourly rate of basic pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), and all that amount is premium pay.
  - (3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection for an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the Department of Transportation who occupies a nonmanagerial [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) in GS–14 or under and, as determined by the Secretary of Transportation,
    - (A) the duties of which are critical to the immediate daily operation of the air traffic control system, directly affect aviation safety, and involve physical or mental strain or hardship;
    - (B) in which overtime work is therefore unusually taxing; and
    - (C) in which operating requirements cannot be met without substantial overtime work;

    the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to one and one-half times the hourly rate of basic pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), and all that amount is premium pay.

  - (4) Notwithstanding paragraph (2) of this subsection, for an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who is a [law enforcement officer](/usc/5/5541.md?p=3), and whose basic pay is at a rate which exceeds the minimum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law), the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to the greater of—
    - (A) one and one-half times the minimum hourly rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law); or
    - (B) the hourly rate of basic pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2),

    and all that amount is premium pay.

  - (5) Notwithstanding paragraphs [(1)](#a-1) and [(2)](#a-2), for an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the Department of the Interior or the United States Forest [Service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) in the Department of Agriculture engaged in emergency wildland fire suppression activities, the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to one and one-half times the hourly rate of basic pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), and all that amount is premium pay.
  - (6)
    - (A) Notwithstanding paragraphs [(1)](#a-1) and [(2)](#a-2), for an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the Department of the Navy who is assigned to temporary duty outside the United States to perform work aboard, or dockside in direct support of, naval vessels and who would be nonexempt under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 but for the application of the foreign area exemption in section 13(f) of that Act ([29 U.S.C. 213(f)](/usc/29/213.md?p=f)), the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) shall be coded and paid overtime as if the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)’s exemption status under that Act is the same as it is at the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)’s permanent duty station.
    - (B) [Subparagraph (A)](#a-6-A) shall expire on September 30, 2026.
- (b) For the purpose of this subchapter—
  - (1) unscheduled overtime work performed by an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) on a day when work was not scheduled for him, or for which he is required to return to his place of employment, is deemed at least 2 hours in duration; and
  - (2) time spent in a travel status away from the official-duty station of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is not hours of employment unless—
    - (A) the time spent is within the days and hours of the regularly scheduled administrative workweek of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), including regularly scheduled overtime hours; or
    - (B) the travel (i) involves the performance of work while traveling, (ii) is incident to travel that involves the performance of work while traveling, (iii) is carried out under arduous conditions, or (iv) results from an event which could not be scheduled or controlled administratively, including travel by an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) to such an event and the return of such [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) from such event to his or her official-duty station.
- (c) [Subsection (a)](#a) shall not apply to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who is subject to the overtime pay provisions of section 7 of the Fair labor[^1] Standards Act of 1938. In the case of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who would, were it not for the preceding sentence, be subject to this section, the Office of Personnel Management shall by regulation prescribe what hours shall be deemed to be hours of work and what hours of work shall be deemed to be overtime hours for the purpose of such section 7 so as to ensure that no [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) receives less pay by reason of the preceding sentence.
- (d) In applying [subsection (a)](#a) of this section with respect to any criminal investigator who is paid availability pay under [section 5545a](/usc/5/5545a.md)—
  - (1) such investigator shall be compensated under such [subsection (a)](#a), at the rates there provided, for overtime work which is scheduled in advance of the administrative workweek—
    - (A) in excess of 10 hours on a day during such investigator’s basic 40 hour workweek; or
    - (B) on a day outside such investigator’s basic 40 hour workweek; and
  - (2) such investigator shall be compensated for all other overtime work under [section 5545a](/usc/5/5545a.md).
- (e) Notwithstanding [subsection (d)(1)](#d-1) of this section, all hours of overtime work scheduled in advance of the administrative workweek shall be compensated under [subsection (a)](#a) if that work involves duties as authorized by [section 3056(a) of title 18](/usc/18/3056.md?p=a) or section 37(a)(3) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, and if the investigator performs, on that same day, at least 2 hours of overtime work not scheduled in advance of the administrative workweek.
- (f) In applying [subsection (a)](#a) of this section with respect to a firefighter who is subject to [section 5545b](/usc/5/5545b.md)—
  - (1) such subsection shall be deemed to apply to hours of work officially ordered or approved in excess of 106 hours in a biweekly pay period, or, if the [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) establishes a weekly basis for overtime pay computation, in excess of 53 hours in an administrative workweek; and
  - (2) the overtime hourly rate of pay is an amount equal to one and one-half times the hourly rate of basic pay under section [5545b(b)(1)(A)](/usc/5/5545b.md?p=b-1-A) or [(c)(1)(B)](/usc/5/5545b.md?p=c-1-B), as applicable, and such overtime hourly rate of pay may not be less than such hourly rate of basic pay in applying the limitation on the overtime rate provided in [paragraph (2)](#f-2) of such [subsection (a)](#a).
- (g) In applying [subsection (a)](#a) with respect to a border patrol agent covered by [section 5550](/usc/5/5550.md), the following rules apply:
  - (1) Notwithstanding the matter preceding [paragraph (1)](#g-1) in [subsection (a)](#a), for a border patrol agent who is assigned to the level 1 border patrol rate of pay under [section 5550](/usc/5/5550.md)—
    - (A) hours of work in excess of 100 hours during a 14-day biweekly pay period shall be overtime work; and
    - (B) the border patrol agent—
      - (i) shall receive pay at the overtime hourly rate of pay (as determined in accordance with paragraphs [(1)](#a-1) and [(2)](#a-2) of subsection (a)) for hours of overtime work that are officially ordered or approved in advance of the workweek; and
      - (ii) except as provided in paragraphs [(4)](#g-4) and [(5)](#g-5), shall receive compensatory time off for an equal amount of time spent performing overtime work that is not overtime work described in [clause (i)](#g-1-B-i).
  - (2) Notwithstanding the matter preceding [paragraph (1)](#g-1) in [subsection (a)](#a), for a border patrol agent who is assigned to the level 2 border patrol rate of pay under [section 5550](/usc/5/5550.md)—
    - (A) hours of work in excess of 90 hours during a 14-day biweekly pay period shall be overtime work; and
    - (B) the border patrol agent—
      - (i) shall receive pay at the overtime hourly rate of pay (as determined in accordance with paragraphs [(1)](#a-1) and [(2)](#a-2) of subsection (a)) for hours of overtime work that are officially ordered or approved in advance of the workweek; and
      - (ii) except as provided in paragraphs [(4)](#g-4) and [(5)](#g-5), shall receive compensatory time off for an equal amount of time spent performing overtime work that is not overtime work described in [clause (i)](#g-2-B-i).
  - (3) Notwithstanding the matter preceding [paragraph (1)](#g-1) in [subsection (a)](#a), for a border patrol agent who is assigned to the basic border patrol rate of pay under [section 5550](/usc/5/5550.md)—
    - (A) hours of work in excess of 80 hours during a 14-day biweekly pay period shall be overtime work; and
    - (B) the border patrol agent—
      - (i) shall receive pay at the overtime hourly rate of pay (as determined in accordance with paragraphs [(1)](#a-1) and [(2)](#a-2) of subsection (a)) for hours of overtime work that are officially ordered or approved in advance of the workweek; and
      - (ii) except as provided in paragraphs [(4)](#g-4) and [(5)](#g-5), shall receive compensatory time off for an equal amount of time spent performing overtime work that is not overtime work described in [clause (i)](#g-3-B-i).
  - (4)
    - (A) Except as provided in [subparagraph (B)](#g-4-B), during a 14-day biweekly pay period, a border patrol agent may not earn compensatory time off for more than 10 hours of overtime work.
    - (B) U.S. Customs and Border Protection may, as it determines appropriate, waive the limitation under [subparagraph (A)](#g-4-A) for an individual border patrol agent for hours of irregular or occasional overtime work, but such waiver must be approved in writing in advance of the performance of any such work for which compensatory time off is earned under paragraph [(1)(B)(ii)](#g-1-B-ii), [(2)(B)(ii)](#g-2-B-ii), or [(3)(B)(ii)](#g-3-B-ii). If a waiver request by a border patrol agent is denied, the border patrol agent may not be ordered to perform the associated overtime work.
  - (5) A border patrol agent—
    - (A) may not earn more than 240 hours of compensatory time off during a leave year;
    - (B) shall use any hours of compensatory time off not later than the end of the 26th pay period after the pay period during which the compensatory time off was earned;
    - (C) shall be required to use 1 hour of compensatory time off for each hour of regular time not worked for which the border patrol agent is not on paid leave or other paid time off or does not substitute time in accordance with [section 5550(f)](/usc/5/5550.md?p=f);
    - (D) shall forfeit any compensatory time off not used in accordance with this paragraph and, regardless of circumstances, shall not be entitled to any cash value for compensatory time earned under [section 5550](/usc/5/5550.md);
    - (E) shall not receive credit towards the computation of the annuity of the border patrol agent for compensatory time, whether used or not; and
    - (F) shall not be credited with compensatory time off if the value of such time off would cause the aggregate premium pay of the border patrol agent to exceed the limitation established under [section 5547](/usc/5/5547.md) in the period in which it was earned.
- (h)
  - (1)
    - (A) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section or [section 5545b](/usc/5/5545b.md), any hours worked by a [firefighter](#h-2-A) under a [qualified trade-of-time arrangement](#h-2-B) shall be disregarded for purposes of any determination relating to eligibility for, or the amount of, any overtime pay under this section, including overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act in accordance with [subsection (c)](#c).
    - (B) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management—
      - (i) shall identify the situations in which a [firefighter](#h-2-A) shall be deemed to have worked hours actually worked by a substituting [firefighter](#h-2-A) under a [qualified trade-of-time arrangement](#h-2-B); and
      - (ii) may adopt necessary policies governing the treatment of both a substituting and substituted [firefighter](#h-2-A) under a [qualified trade-of-time arrangement](#h-2-B), without regard to how those [firefighters](#h-2-A) would otherwise be treated under other provisions of law or regulation.
  - (2) In this subsection—
    - (A) the term “firefighter” means an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)—
      - (i) the work schedule of whom includes 24-hour duty shifts; and
      - (ii) who—
        - (I) is a [firefighter](#h-2-A), as defined in section [8331(21)](/usc/5/8331.md?p=21) or [8401(14)](/usc/5/8401.md?p=14);
        - (II) in the case of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who holds a supervisory or administrative [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) and is subject to subchapter III of [chapter 83](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch83.md), but who does not qualify to be considered a [firefighter](#h-2-A) within the meaning of [section 8331(21)](/usc/5/8331.md?p=21), would so qualify if such [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) had transferred directly to such [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) after serving as a [firefighter](#h-2-A) within the meaning of such section;
        - (III) in the case of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who holds a supervisory or administrative [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) and is subject to [chapter 84](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch84.md), but who does not qualify to be considered a [firefighter](#h-2-A) within the meaning of [section 8401(14)](/usc/5/8401.md?p=14), would so qualify if such [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) had transferred directly to such [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) after performing duties described in section [8401(14)(A)](/usc/5/8401.md?p=14-A) and [(B)](/usc/5/8401.md?p=14-B) for at least 3 years; and
        - (IV) in the case of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who is not subject to subchapter III of [chapter 83](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch83.md) or [chapter 84](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch84.md), holds a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) that the Office of Personnel Management determines would satisfy subclause [(I)](#h-2-A-ii-I), [(II)](#h-2-A-ii-II), or [(III)](#h-2-A-ii-III) if the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) were subject to subchapter III of [chapter 83](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch83.md) or [chapter 84](/usc/5/chptIII-sptG-ch84.md); and
    - (B) the term “qualified trade-of-time arrangement” means an arrangement under which 2 [firefighters](#h-2-A) who are subject to the supervision of the same fire chief agree, solely at their option and with the approval of the employing [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1), to substitute for one another during scheduled work hours in the performance of work in the same capacity.

# §5543. Compensatory time off

- (a) The head of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) may—
  - (1) on request of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), grant the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) compensatory time off from his scheduled tour of duty instead of payment under [section 5542](/usc/5/5542.md) or section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 for an equal amount of time spent in irregular or occasional overtime work; and
  - (2) provide that an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose rate of basic pay is in excess of the maximum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law) shall be granted compensatory time off from his scheduled tour of duty equal to the amount of time spent in irregular or occasional overtime work instead of being paid for that work under [section 5542 of this title](/usc/5/5542.md).
- (b) The head of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) may, on request of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2), grant the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) compensatory time off from the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)’s scheduled tour of duty instead of payment under [section 5544](/usc/5/5544.md) or section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 for an equal amount of time spent in irregular or occasional overtime work. An [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) head may not require an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) to be compensated for overtime work with an equivalent amount of compensatory time-off from the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)’s tour of duty.
- (c) The Architect of the Capitol may grant an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) paid on an annual basis compensatory time off from duty instead of overtime pay for overtime work.
- (d)
  - (1) The [appropriate Secretary](#d-2) may, on request of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of a [nonappropriated fund instrumentality](/usc/5/5595.md?p=h-6-C) of the Department of Defense or the Coast Guard described in [section 2105(c)](/usc/5/2105.md?p=c), grant such [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) compensatory time off from duty instead of overtime pay for overtime work.
  - (2) For purposes of this subsection, the term “appropriate Secretary” means—
    - (A) with respect to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of a [nonappropriated fund instrumentality](/usc/5/5595.md?p=h-6-C) of the Department of Defense, the Secretary of Defense; and
    - (B) with respect to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of a [nonappropriated fund instrumentality](/usc/5/5595.md?p=h-6-C) of the Coast Guard, the Secretary of the Executive department in which it is operating.

# §5544. Wage-board overtime, Sunday rates, and other premium pay

- (a) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose pay is fixed and adjusted from time to time in accordance with prevailing rates under section [5343](/usc/5/5343.md) or [5349](/usc/5/5349.md) of this title, or by a wage [board](/usc/5/8401.md?p=5) or similar administrative [authority](/usc/5/7103.md?p=a-6) serving the same purpose, is entitled to overtime pay for overtime work in excess of 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week. However, an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) subject to this subsection who regularly is required to remain at or within the confines of his post of duty in excess of 8 hours a day in a standby or on-call status is entitled to overtime pay only for hours of duty, exclusive of eating and sleeping time, in excess of 40 a week. The overtime hourly rate of pay is computed as follows:
  - (1) If the basic rate of pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is fixed on a basis other than an annual or monthly basis, multiply the basic hourly rate of pay by not less than one and one-half.
  - (2) If the basic rate of pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is fixed on an annual basis, divide the basic annual rate of pay by 2,087, and multiply the quotient by one and one-half.
  - (3) If the basic rate of pay of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is fixed on a monthly basis, multiply the basic monthly rate of pay by 12 to derive a basic annual rate of pay, divide the basic annual rate of pay by 2,087, and multiply the quotient by one and one-half.

  An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) subject to this subsection whose regular work schedule includes an 8-hour period of [service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) a part of which is on Sunday is entitled to additional pay at the rate of 25 percent of his hourly rate of basic pay for each hour of work performed during that 8-hour period of [service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12). For [employees](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) serving outside the United States in areas where Sunday is a routine workday and another day of the week is officially recognized as the day of rest and worship, the Secretary of State may designate the officially recognized day of rest and worship as the day with respect to which the preceding sentence shall apply instead of Sunday. Time spent in a travel status away from the official duty station of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) subject to this subsection is not hours of work unless the travel (i) involves the performance of work while traveling, (ii) is incident to travel that involves the performance of work while traveling, (iii) is carried out under arduous conditions, or (iv) results from an event which could not be scheduled or controlled administratively (including travel by the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) to such event and the return of the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) from such event to the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)’s official duty station). The first and third sentences of this subsection shall not be applicable to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who is subject to the overtime pay provisions of section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. In the case of an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who would, were it not for the preceding sentence, be subject to the first and third sentences of this subsection, the Office of Personnel Management shall by regulation prescribe what hours shall be deemed to be hours of work and what hours of work shall be deemed to be overtime hours for the purpose of such section 7 so as to ensure that no [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) receives less pay by reason of the preceding sentence.

- (b) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) under the Office of the Architect of the Capitol who is paid on a daily or hourly basis and who is not subject to [chapter 51](/usc/5/chptIII-sptD-ch51.md) and subchapter III of [chapter 53](/usc/5/chptIII-sptD-ch53.md) of this title is entitled to overtime pay for overtime work in accordance with [subsection (a)](#a) of this section. The overtime hourly rate of pay is computed in accordance with [subsection (a)(1)](#a-1) of this section.
- (c) The provisions of this section, including the last two sentences of [subsection (a)](#a) and the provisions of [section 5543(b)](/usc/5/5543.md?p=b), shall apply to a prevailing rate [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) described in [section 5342(a)(2)(B)](/usc/5/5342.md?p=a-2-B).
- (d) A prevailing rate [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) described in [section 5342(a)(2)(A)](/usc/5/5342.md?p=a-2-A) shall receive incident response premium pay under the same terms and conditions that apply to a covered [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) under [section 5545c](/usc/5/5545c.md) if that [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2)—
  - (1) is employed by the Forest [Service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) or the Department of the Interior; and
  - (2)
    - (A) is a wildland firefighter, as defined in [section 5332a(a)](/usc/5/5332a.md?p=a); or
    - (B) is certified by the applicable [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) to perform wildland fire incident-related duties during the period the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is deployed to respond to a qualifying incident (as defined in [section 5545c(a)](/usc/5/5545c.md?p=a)).

# §5545. Night, standby, irregular, and hazardous duty differential

- (a) Except as provided by [subsection (b)](#b) of this section, nightwork is regularly scheduled work between the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., and includes—
  - (1) periods of absence with pay during these hours due to holidays; and
  - (2) periods of leave with pay during these hours if the periods of leave with pay during a pay period total less than 8 hours.

  Except as otherwise provided by [subsection (c)](#c) of this section, an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is entitled to pay for nightwork at his rate of basic pay plus premium pay amounting to 10 percent of that basic rate. This subsection and [subsection (b)](#b) of this section do not modify [section 5141 of title 31](/usc/31/5141.md), or other statute authorizing additional pay for nightwork.

- (b) The head of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) may designate a time after 6:00 p.m. and a time before 6:00 a.m. as the beginning and end, respectively, of nightwork for the purpose of [subsection (a)](#a) of this section, at a post outside the United States where the customary hours of business extend into the hours of nightwork provided by [subsection (a)](#a) of this section.
- (c) The head of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1), with the approval of the Office of Personnel Management, may provide that—
  - (1) an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) in a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) requiring him regularly to remain at, or within the confines of, his station during longer than ordinary periods of duty, a substantial part of which consists of remaining in a standby status rather than performing work, shall receive premium pay for this duty on an annual basis instead of premium pay provided by other provisions of this subchapter, except for irregular, unscheduled overtime duty in excess of his regularly scheduled weekly tour. Premium pay under this paragraph is determined as an appropriate percentage, not in excess of 25 percent, of such part of the rate of basic pay for the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) as does not exceed the minimum rate of basic pay for GS–10 (including any applicable locality-based comparability payment under [section 5304](/usc/5/5304.md) or similar provision of law and any applicable special rate of pay under [section 5305](/usc/5/5305.md) or similar provision of law) (or, for a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) described in [section 5542(a)(3) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a-3), of the basic pay of the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2)), by taking into consideration the number of hours of actual work required in the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2), the number of hours required in a standby status at or within the confines of the station, the extent to which the duties of the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) are made more onerous by night, Sunday, or holiday work, or by being extended over periods of more than 40 hours a week, and other relevant factors; or
  - (2) an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) in a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) in which the hours of duty cannot be controlled administratively, and which requires substantial amounts of irregular, unscheduled overtime duty with the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) generally being responsible for recognizing, without supervision, circumstances which require the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) to remain on duty, shall receive premium pay for this duty on an annual basis instead of premium pay provided by other provisions of this subchapter, except for regularly scheduled overtime, night, and Sunday duty, and for holiday duty. Premium pay under this paragraph is an appropriate percentage, not less than 10 percent nor more than 25 percent, of the rate of basic pay for the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2), as determined by taking into consideration the frequency and duration of irregular, unscheduled overtime duty required in the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2).
- (d) The Office shall establish a schedule or schedules of pay differentials for duty involving unusual physical hardship or hazard, and for any hardship or hazard related to asbestos, such differentials shall be determined by applying occupational safety and health standards consistent with the permissible exposure limit promulgated by the Secretary of Labor under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Under such regulations as the Office may prescribe, and for such minimum periods as it determines appropriate, an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) to whom [chapter 51](/usc/5/chptIII-sptD-ch51.md) and subchapter III of [chapter 53](/usc/5/chptIII-sptD-ch53.md) of this title applies is entitled to be paid the appropriate differential for any period in which he is subjected to physical hardship or hazard not usually involved in carrying out the duties of his [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2). However, the pay differential—
  - (1) does not apply to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) in a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) the classification of which takes into [account](/usc/5/8401.md?p=1) the degree of physical hardship or hazard involved in the performance of the duties thereof, except—
    - (A) an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) in an occupational series covering [positions](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) for which the primary duties involve the prevention, control, suppression, or management of wildland fires, as determined by the Office; and
    - (B) in such other circumstances as the Office may by regulation prescribe; and
  - (2) may not exceed an amount equal to 25 percent of the rate of basic pay applicable to the [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2).

# §5545a. Availability pay for criminal investigators

- (a) For purposes of this section—
  - (1) the term “available” refers to the availability of a [criminal investigator](#a-2) and means that an investigator shall be considered generally and reasonably accessible by the [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) employing such investigator to perform [unscheduled duty](#a-3) based on the needs of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1);
  - (2) the term “criminal investigator” means a [law enforcement officer](/usc/5/5541.md?p=3) as defined under [section 5541(3)](/usc/5/5541.md?p=3) (other than an officer occupying a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) under title II of Public Law 99–399, subject to [subsection (k)](#k)) who is required to—
    - (A) possess a knowledge of investigative techniques, laws of evidence, rules of criminal procedure, and precedent court decisions concerning admissibility of evidence, constitutional rights, search and seizure, and related issues;
    - (B) recognize, develop, and present evidence that reconstructs events, sequences and time elements for presentation in various legal hearings and court proceedings;
    - (C) demonstrate skills in applying surveillance techniques, undercover work, and advising and assisting the United States Attorney in and out of court;
    - (D) demonstrate the ability to apply the full range of knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for cases which are complex and unfold over a long period of time (as distinguished from certain other occupations that require the use of some investigative techniques in short-term situations that may end in arrest or detention);
    - (E) possess knowledge of criminal laws and Federal rules of procedure which apply to cases involving crimes against the United States, including—
      - (i) knowledge of the elements of a crime;
      - (ii) evidence required to prove the crime;
      - (iii) decisions involving arrest [authority](/usc/5/7103.md?p=a-6);
      - (iv) methods of criminal operations; and
      - (v) availability of detection devices; and
    - (F) possess the ability to follow leads that indicate a crime will be committed rather than initiate an investigation after a crime is committed;
  - (3) the term “unscheduled duty” means hours of duty a [criminal investigator](#a-2) works, or is determined to be [available](#a-1) for work, that are not—
    - (A) part of the 40 hours in the basic work week of the investigator; or
    - (B) overtime hours paid under [section 5542](/usc/5/5542.md); and
  - (4) the term “regular work day” means each day in the investigator’s basic work week during which the investigator works at least 4 hours that are not overtime hours paid under [section 5542](/usc/5/5542.md) or hours considered part of section 5545a.
- (b) The purpose of this section is to provide premium pay to [criminal investigators](#a-2) to ensure the availability of [criminal investigators](#a-2) for [unscheduled duty](#a-3) in excess of a 40 hour work week based on the needs of the employing [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1).
- (c) Each [criminal investigator](#a-2) shall be paid availability pay as provided under this section. Availability pay shall be paid to ensure the availability of the investigator for [unscheduled duty](#a-3). The investigator is generally responsible for recognizing, without supervision, circumstances which require the investigator to be on duty or be [available](#a-1) for [unscheduled duty](#a-3) based on the needs of the [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1). Availability pay provided to a [criminal investigator](#a-2) for such [unscheduled duty](#a-3) shall be paid instead of premium pay provided by other provisions of this subchapter, except premium pay for regularly scheduled overtime work as provided under [section 5542](/usc/5/5542.md), night duty, Sunday duty, and holiday duty.
- (d)
  - (1) A [criminal investigator](#a-2) shall be paid availability pay, if the average of hours described under paragraph [(2)(A)](#d-2-A) and [(B)](#d-2-B) is equal to or greater than 2 hours.
  - (2) The hours referred to under [paragraph (1)](#d-1) are—
    - (A) the annual average of [unscheduled duty](#a-3) hours worked by the investigator in excess of each [regular work day](#a-4); and
    - (B) the annual average of [unscheduled duty](#a-3) hours such investigator is [available](#a-1) to work on each [regular work day](#a-4) upon request of the employing [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1).
  - (3) [Unscheduled duty](#a-3) hours which are worked by an investigator on days that are not [regular work days](#a-4) shall be considered in the calculation of the annual average of [unscheduled duty](#a-3) hours worked or [available](#a-1) for purposes of certification.
  - (4) An investigator shall be considered to be [available](#a-1) when the investigator cannot reasonably and generally be accessible due to a status or assignment which is the result of an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) direction, order, or approval as provided under [subsection (f)(1)](#f-1).
- (e)
  - (1) Each [criminal investigator](#a-2) receiving availability pay under this section and the appropriate supervisory officer, to be designated by the head of the [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1), shall make an annual certification to the head of the [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) that the investigator has met, and is expected to meet, the requirements of [subsection (d)](#d). The head of a law enforcement [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) may prescribe regulations necessary to administer this subsection.
  - (2) Involuntary reduction in pay resulting from a denial of certification under [paragraph (1)](#e-1) shall be a reduction in pay for purposes of [section 7512(4) of this title](/usc/5/7512.md?p=4).
- (f)
  - (1) A [criminal investigator](#a-2) who is eligible for availability pay shall receive such pay during any period such investigator is—
    - (A) attending [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) sanctioned training;
    - (B) on [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) approved sick leave or annual leave;
    - (C) on [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) ordered travel status; or
    - (D) on excused absence with pay for relocation purposes.
  - (2) Notwithstanding [paragraph (1)(A)](#f-1-A), [agencies](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) or departments may provide availability pay to investigators during training which is considered initial, basic training usually provided in the first year of [service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12).
  - (3) [Agencies](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) or departments may provide availability pay to investigators when on excused absence with pay, except as provided in [paragraph (1)(D)](#f-1-D).
- (g) [Section 5545(c)](/usc/5/5545.md?p=c) shall not apply to any [criminal investigator](#a-2) who is paid availability pay under this section.
- (h) Availability pay under this section shall be—
  - (1) 25 percent of the rate of basic pay for the [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2); and
  - (2) treated as part of the basic pay for purposes of—
    - (A) sections [5595(c)](/usc/5/5595.md?p=c), [8114(e)](/usc/5/8114.md?p=e), [8331(3)](/usc/5/8331.md?p=3), and [8704(c)](/usc/5/8704.md?p=c); and
    - (B) such other purposes as may be expressly provided for by law or as the Office of Personnel Management may by regulation prescribe.
- (i) The provisions of [subsections (a)–(h)](#a..h) providing for availability pay shall apply to any [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s Air and Marine Operations, or any successor organization, who is a [law enforcement officer](/usc/5/5541.md?p=3) as defined under [section 5541(3)](/usc/5/5541.md?p=3). For the purpose of this section, [section 5542(d) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=d), and section 13(a)(16) and (b)(30) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ([29 U.S.C. 213(a)(16)](/usc/29/213.md?p=a-16) and (b)(30)), such [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) shall be deemed to be a [criminal investigator](#a-2) as defined in this section. The Office of Personnel Management may prescribe regulations to carry out this subsection.
- (j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, any Office of Inspector General which employs fewer than 5 [criminal investigators](#a-2) may elect not to cover such [criminal investigators](#a-2) under this section.
- (k)
  - (1) For purposes of this section, the term “[criminal investigator](#a-2)” includes a special agent occupying a [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) under title II of Public Law 99–399 if such special agent—
    - (A) meets the definition of such term under [paragraph (2)](#a-2) of subsection (a) (applied disregarding the parenthetical matter before [subparagraph (A)](#k-1-A) thereof); and
    - (B) such special agent satisfies the requirements of [subsection (d)](#d) without taking into [account](/usc/5/8401.md?p=1) any hours described in [paragraph (2)(B)](#k-2-B) thereof.
  - (2) In applying [subsection (h)](#h) with respect to a special agent under this subsection—
    - (A) any reference in such subsection to “basic pay” shall be considered to include amounts designated as “salary”;
    - (B) [paragraph (2)(A)](#k-2-A) of such subsection shall be considered to include (in addition to the provisions of law specified therein) sections 609(b)(1), 805, 806, and 856 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980; and
    - (C) [paragraph (2)(B)](#k-2-B) of such subsection shall be applied by substituting for “Office of Personnel Management” the following: “Office of Personnel Management or the Secretary of State (to the extent that matters exclusively within the jurisdiction of the Secretary are concerned)”.

# §5545b. Pay for firefighters

- (a) This section applies to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) whose [position](/usc/5/5531.md?p=2) is classified in the firefighter occupation in conformance with the GS–081 standard published by the Office of Personnel Management, and whose normal work schedule, as in effect throughout the year, consists of regular tours of duty which average at least 106 hours per biweekly pay period.
- (b)
  - (1) If the regular tour of duty of a firefighter subject to this section generally consists of 24-hour shifts, rather than a basic 40-hour workweek (as determined under regulations prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management), [section 5504(b)](/usc/5/5504.md?p=b) shall be applied as follows in computing pay—
    - (A) paragraph (1) of such section shall be deemed to require that the annual rate be divided by 2756 to derive the hourly rate; and
    - (B) the computation of such firefighter’s daily, weekly, or biweekly rate shall be based on the hourly rate under [subparagraph (A)](#b-1-A);
  - (2) For the purpose of sections [5595(c)](/usc/5/5595.md?p=c), [5941](/usc/5/5941.md), [8331(3)](/usc/5/8331.md?p=3), and [8704(c)](/usc/5/8704.md?p=c), and for such other purposes as may be expressly provided for by law or as the Office of Personnel Management may by regulation prescribe, the basic pay of a firefighter subject to this subsection shall include an amount equal to the firefighter’s basic hourly rate (as computed under [paragraph (1)(A)](#b-1-A)) for all hours in such firefighter’s regular tour of duty (including overtime hours).
- (c)
  - (1) If the regular tour of duty of a firefighter subject to this section includes a basic 40-hour workweek (as determined under regulations prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management), [section 5504(b)](/usc/5/5504.md?p=b) shall be applied as follows in computing pay—
    - (A) the provisions of such section shall apply to the hours within the basic 40-hour workweek;
    - (B) for hours outside the basic 40-hour workweek, such section shall be deemed to require that the hourly rate be derived by dividing the annual rate by 2756; and
    - (C) the computation of such firefighter’s daily, weekly, or biweekly rate shall be based on subparagraphs [(A)](#c-1-A) and [(B)](#c-1-B), as each applies to the hours involved.
  - (2) For purposes of sections [5595(c)](/usc/5/5595.md?p=c), [5941](/usc/5/5941.md), [8331(3)](/usc/5/8331.md?p=3), and [8704(c)](/usc/5/8704.md?p=c), and for such other purposes as may be expressly provided for by law or as the Office of Personnel Management may by regulation prescribe, the basic pay of a firefighter subject to this subsection shall include—
    - (A) an amount computed under [paragraph (1)(A)](#c-1-A) for the hours within the basic 40-hour workweek; and
    - (B) an amount equal to the firefighter’s basic hourly rate (as computed under [paragraph (1)(B)](#c-1-B)) for all hours outside the basic 40-hour workweek that are within such firefighter’s regular tour of duty (including overtime hours).
- (d)
  - (1) A firefighter who is subject to this section shall receive overtime pay in accordance with [section 5542](/usc/5/5542.md), but shall not receive premium pay provided by other provisions of this subchapter.
  - (2) For the purpose of applying section 7(k) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to a firefighter who is subject to this section, no violation referred to in such section 7(k) shall be deemed to have occurred if the requirements of [section 5542(a)](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a) are met, applying [section 5542(a)](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a) as provided in [subsection (f)](/usc/5/5542.md) of that section: Provided, That the overtime hourly rate of pay for such firefighter shall in all cases be an amount equal to one and one-half times the firefighter’s hourly rate of basic pay under subsection [(b)(1)(A)](#b-1-A) or [(c)(1)(B)](#c-1-B) of this section, as applicable.
  - (3) The Office of Personnel Management may prescribe regulations, with respect to firefighters subject to this section, that would permit an [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) to reduce or eliminate the variation in the amount of firefighters’ biweekly pay caused by work scheduling cycles that result in varying hours in the regular tours of duty from pay period to pay period. Under such regulations, the pay that a firefighter would otherwise receive for regular tours of duty over the work scheduling cycle shall, to the extent practicable, remain unaffected.
  - (4) Notwithstanding [section 8114(e)(1)](/usc/5/8114.md?p=e-1), overtime pay for a firefighter subject to this section for hours in a regular tour of duty shall be included in any computation of pay under [section 8114](/usc/5/8114.md).

# §5545c. Incident response premium pay for employees engaged in wildland firefighting

- (a) **Definitions.—** In this section—
  - (1) the term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—
    - (A) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives;
    - (B) the Committee on Oversight and Accountability of the House of Representatives;
    - (C) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives;
    - (D) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives;
    - (E) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
    - (F) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
    - (G) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
    - (H) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;
  - (2) the term “covered employee” means an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the Forest [Service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) or the Department of the Interior who is—
    - (A) a wildland firefighter, as defined in [section 5332a(a)](/usc/5/5332a.md?p=a); or
    - (B) certified by the applicable [agency](/usc/5/5541.md?p=1) to perform wildland fire incident-related duties during the period that [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) is deployed to respond to a [qualifying incident](#a-5);
  - (3) the term “incident response premium pay” means pay to which a [covered employee](#a-2) is entitled under [subsection (c)](#c);
  - (4) the term “prescribed fire incident” means a wildland fire originating from a planned ignition in accordance with applicable laws, policies, and regulations to meet specific objectives;
  - (5) the term “qualifying incident”—
    - (A) means—
      - (i) a wildfire incident, a [prescribed fire incident](#a-4), or a [severity incident](#a-6); or
      - (ii) an incident that the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of the Interior determines is similar in nature to an incident described in [clause (i)](#a-5-A-i); and
    - (B) does not include an initial response incident that is contained within 36 hours; and
  - (6) the term “severity incident” means an incident in which a [covered employee](#a-2) is pre-positioned in an area in which conditions indicate there is a high risk of wildfires.
- (b) **Eligibility.—** A [covered employee](#a-2) is eligible for [incident response premium pay](#a-3) under this section if—
  - (1) the [covered employee](#a-2) is deployed to respond to a [qualifying incident](#a-5); and
  - (2) the deployment described in [paragraph (1)](#b-1) is—
    - (A) outside of the official duty station of the [covered employee](#a-2); or
    - (B) within the official duty station of the [covered employee](#a-2) and the [covered employee](#a-2) is assigned to an incident-adjacent fire camp or other designated field location.
- (c) **Entitlement to Incident Response Premium Pay.—**
  - (1) **In general.—** A [covered employee](#a-2) who satisfies the conditions under [subsection (b)](#b) is entitled to premium pay for the period in which the [covered employee](#a-2) is deployed to respond to the applicable [qualifying incident](#a-5).
  - (2) **Computation.—**
    - (A) **Formula.—** Subject to subparagraphs [(B)](#c-2-B) and [(C)](#c-2-C), premium pay under [paragraph (1)](#c-1) shall be paid to a [covered employee](#a-2) at a daily rate of 450 percent of the hourly rate of basic pay of the [covered employee](#a-2) for each day that the [covered employee](#a-2) satisfies the requirements under [subsection (b)](#b), rounded to the nearest whole cent.
    - (B) **Limitation.—** Premium pay under this subsection may not be paid—
      - (i) with respect to a [covered employee](#a-2) for whom the annual rate of basic pay is greater than that for step 10 of GS–10, at a daily rate that exceeds the daily rate established under [subparagraph (A)](#c-2-A) for step 10 of GS–10; or
      - (ii) to a [covered employee](#a-2) in a total amount that exceeds $9,000 in any calendar year.
    - (C) **Adjustments.—**
      - (i) **Assessment.—** The Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior shall assess the difference between the average total amount of compensation that was paid to [covered employees](#a-2), by grade, in fiscal years 2023 and 2024.
      - (ii) **Report.—** Not later than 180 days after the date that is 1 year after the effective date of this section, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior shall jointly publish a report on the results of the assessment conducted under [clause (i)](#c-2-C-i).
      - (iii) **Administrative actions.—** After publishing the report required under [clause (ii)](#c-2-C-ii), the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, may, in the sole and exclusive discretion of the Secretaries acting jointly, administratively adjust the amount of premium pay paid under this subsection (or take other administrative action) to ensure that the average annual amount of total compensation paid to [covered employees](#a-2), by grade, is more consistent with such amount that was paid to those [employees](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) in fiscal year 2023.
      - (iv) **Congressional notification.—** Not later than 3 days after an adjustment made, or other administrative action taken, under [clause (iii)](#c-2-C-iii) becomes final, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior shall jointly submit to the [appropriate committees of Congress](#a-1) a notification regarding that adjustment or other administrative action, as applicable.
- (d) **Treatment of Incident Response Premium Pay.—** [Incident response premium pay](#a-3) under this section—
  - (1) is not considered part of the basic pay of a [covered employee](#a-2) for any purpose;
  - (2) may not be considered in determining a [covered employee](#a-2)’s lump-sum payment for accumulated and accrued annual leave under [section 5551](/usc/5/5551.md) or [section 5552](/usc/5/5552.md);
  - (3) may not be used in determining pay under [section 8114](/usc/5/8114.md) (relating to compensation for work injuries);
  - (4) may not be considered in determining pay for hours of paid leave or other paid time off during which the premium pay is not payable; and
  - (5) shall be disregarded in determining the minimum wage and overtime pay to which a [covered employee](#a-2) is entitled under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ([29 U.S.C. 201](/usc/29/201.md) et seq.).

# §5546. Pay for Sunday and holiday work

- (a) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who performs work during a regularly scheduled 8-hour period of [service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) which is not overtime work as defined by [section 5542(a) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a) a part of which is performed on Sunday is entitled to pay for the entire period of [service](/usc/5/8331.md?p=12) at the rate of his basic pay, plus premium pay at a rate equal to 25 percent of his rate of basic pay. For [employees](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) serving outside the United States in areas where Sunday is a routine workday and another day of the week is officially recognized as the day of rest and worship, the Secretary of State may designate the officially recognized day of rest and worship as the day with respect to which the preceding sentence shall apply instead of Sunday.
- (b) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who performs work on a holiday designated by Federal statute, Executive order, or with respect to an [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) of the government of the District of Columbia, by order of the District of Columbia [Council](/usc/5/8471.md?p=2), is entitled to pay at the rate of his basic pay, plus premium pay at a rate equal to the rate of his basic pay, for that holiday work which is not—
  - (1) in excess of 8 hours; or
  - (2) overtime work as defined by [section 5542(a) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a).
- (c) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who is required to perform any work on a designated holiday is entitled to pay for at least 2 hours of holiday work.
- (d) An [employee](/usc/5/5541.md?p=2) who performs overtime work as defined by [section 5542(a) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a) on a Sunday or a designated holiday is entitled to pay for that overtime work in accordance with [section 5542(a) of this title](/usc/5/5542.md?p=a).
- (e) Premium pay under this section is in addition to premium pay which may be due for the same work under section [5545(a)](/usc/5/5545.md?p=a) and [(b)](/usc/5/5545.md?p=b) of this title, providing premium pay for nightwork.