---
kind: "section"
citation: "42 U.S.C. § 19261"
title: "42"
title_heading: "The Public Health and Welfare"
number: "19261"
heading: "Quantum networking and communications"
release: "119-102"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/42/19261"
units:
  - "Chapter 163 — Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation"
  - "Subchapter VI — Miscellaneous Science and Technology Provisions"
  - "Part E — Quantum Networking and Communications"
---

# §19261. Quantum networking and communications

- (a) **Definitions—** In this section:
  - (1) **Director—** The term “Director” means the Director of the National Science [Foundation](/usc/42/18901.md?p=11).
  - (2) **Appropriate committees of Congress—** The term “appropriate committees of Congress” has the meaning given such term in [section 8801 of title 15](/usc/15/8801.md).
  - (3) **Q2work Program—** The term “Q2Work Program” means the Q2Work Program supported by the [Foundation](/usc/42/18901.md?p=11).
- (b) **, (c) Omitted—**
- (d) **Quantum information science workforce evaluation and acceleration—**
  - (1) **In general—** Not later than 180 days after August 9, 2022, the [Director](#a-1) shall enter into an [agreement](/usc/42/1320b–8.md?p=a-3-A) with the [National Academies](/usc/42/18901.md?p=20) of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make recommendations for the [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) workforce. The study shall—
    - (A) characterize the [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) workforce, including by—
      - (i) describing what constitutes a [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) qualified worker across sectors, including academia, the Federal Government, and industry; and
      - (ii) describing the size and makeup of the [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) workforce, including an assessment of current and future trends;
    - (B) identify near- and long-term [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) workforce needs across government, academia, and industry sectors, including identifying the cross-disciplinary academic degrees or academic courses necessary to—
      - (i) prepare students for multiple career pathways in [quantum information sciences](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) and related fields;
      - (ii) ensure the [United States](/usc/42/403.md?p=k) is competitive in the field of [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) while preserving national security; and
      - (iii) support the development of quantum applications;
    - (C) assess the [state](/usc/42/201.md?p=f) of [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) education and skills [training](/usc/42/285e–2.md?p=b-2) at all education levels and identify gaps in meeting current and future workforce needs, including with respect to—
      - (i) elementary, middle, and high-[school](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1) student access to foundational courses, age-appropriate quantum concepts, and hands-on learning opportunities;
      - (ii) elementary, middle, and high-[school](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1) teacher professional development and access to resources, materials, lesson plans, modules, and curricula;
      - (iii) career pivot and skills [training](/usc/42/285e–2.md?p=b-2) opportunities, including professional certificates and internships; and
      - (iv) higher education curricula, [laboratory](/usc/42/300jj.md?p=10) experiences in academia, the Federal Government, and industry settings, and cross-discipline degree [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) aligned with workforce needs; and
    - (D) make recommendations for developing a diverse, flexible, and sustainable [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) workforce that meets the evolving needs of academia, the Federal Government, and industry.
  - (2) **Report—** Not later than two years after August 9, 2022, the [National Academies](/usc/42/18901.md?p=20) of Science, Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the [Director](#a-1) a report containing the results of the study conducted pursuant to [paragraph (1)](#d-1).
- (e) **Omitted—**
- (f) **Quantum Education Pilot Program—**
  - (1) **In general—** Not later than one year after August 9, 2022, the [Director](#a-1), [building](/usc/42/6881.md?p=i-3) on the National Science [Foundation](/usc/42/18901.md?p=11)’s role in the National Q–12 Education Partnership and [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) such as [Q2Work Program](#a-3), shall make awards to institutions of higher education, [non-profit organizations](/usc/42/18901.md?p=21), or consortia thereof to carry out a pilot [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), to be known as the “Next Generation Quantum Leaders Pilot [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4)” (in this subsection referred to as the “[Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4)”), for the education and [training](/usc/42/285e–2.md?p=b-2) of the next generation of students and teachers in the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics.
  - (2) **Requirements—**
    - (A) **In general—** In carrying out the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), the [Director](#a-1) shall—
      - (i) encourage [awardees](/usc/42/18901.md?p=2) to coordinate with educational service agencies (as such term “educational service agency” is defined in [section 1401(5) of title 20](/usc/20/1401.md?p=5)), associations that support [STEM](/usc/42/18901.md?p=27) educators or local educational agencies, and partnerships through the Q–12 Education Partnership, to encourage elementary [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), middle [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), and secondary [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), and [State](/usc/42/201.md?p=f) educational agencies to participate in the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4);[^1]
      - (ii) require that [awardees](/usc/42/18901.md?p=2) partner with elementary [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), middle [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), or secondary [schools](/usc/42/6372.md?p=1), or consortia thereof, and [State](/usc/42/201.md?p=f) educational agencies, to carry out activities under the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4);[^2]
    - (B) **Use of funds—** In carrying out the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), the [Director](#a-1) shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards to—
      - (i) support testing, evaluation, dissemination, and implementation of age-appropriate [quantum information sciences](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) curricula and resources, including the integration of [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) and engineering into the [STEM](/usc/42/18901.md?p=27) curriculum pursuant to subsection (d) of [section 8841 of title 15](/usc/15/8841.md), as added by [subsection (e)](#e);
      - (ii) support opportunities for informal education on quantum concepts, including informal hands-on learning opportunities;
      - (iii) support opportunities for students to further explore [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) education and related careers;
      - (iv) develop and implement [training](/usc/42/285e–2.md?p=b-2), research, and professional development [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) for teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-service [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), in [quantum information science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) and related fields; and
      - (v) carry out such other activities as the [Director](#a-1) determines appropriate.
    - (C) **Distribution—** In carrying out the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) and to the extent practicable, the [Director](#a-1) shall ensure there is a wide, equitable distribution of [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) participants across diverse [geographic areas](/usc/42/11360.md?p=9) and that the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) includes a diverse representation of students, including students from groups historically underrepresented in [STEM](/usc/42/18901.md?p=27).
  - (3) **Consultation—** The [Director](#a-1) shall carry out the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the Subcommittee on [Quantum Information Science](/usc/42/18901.md?p=23) of the National Science and Technology [Council](/usc/42/300f.md?p=9) and the Advancing Informal [STEM](/usc/42/18901.md?p=27) Learning [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4).
  - (4) **Reporting—** Not later than four years after August 9, 2022, the [Director](#a-1) shall submit to Congress a report that includes the following:
    - (A) An assessment, that includes feedback from a wide range of stakeholders in academia, K-12 education, and the private sector, of the effectiveness of the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) in scaling up implementation of effective quantum education and [training](/usc/42/285e–2.md?p=b-2) innovations.
    - (B) If determined to be effective, a plan for integrating the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) into existing [programs](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4), including the feasibility and advisability of expanding the scope of the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) to include additional technology areas, grade levels, and educational institutions beyond those originally selected to participate in the [Program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4).
  - (5) **Authorization of appropriations—** There are authorized to be appropriated to the [Director](#a-1) $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2026 to carry out this section.
  - (6) **Termination—** This subsection shall terminate on the date that is four years after August 9, 2022.

## Footnotes

[^1]: So in original. Probably should be followed by “and”.
[^2]: So in original. The semicolon probably should be a period.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title VI, § 10661, Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1683.)

## Notes

### Editorial Notes

### Codification

Section is comprised of section 10661 of Pub. L. 117–167. Subsecs. (b), (c), and (e) of section 10661 of Pub. L. 117–167 amended sections 8813, 8831, and 8841, respectively, of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.