--- kind: "section" citation: "42 U.S.C. § 17014" title: "42" title_heading: "The Public Health and Welfare" number: "17014" heading: "Research and development into integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid" release: "119-102" url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/42/17014" units: - "Chapter 152 — Energy Independence and Security" - "Subchapter I — Improved Vehicle Technology" --- # §17014. Research and development into integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid - (a) **In general—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall establish a research, development, and demonstration [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) to advance the integration of electric vehicles, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, onto the electric grid. - (b) **Vehicles-to-grid integration assessment report—** Not later than 1 year after December 27, 2020, the [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of [Representatives](/usc/42/3058f.md?p=5) and the Committee on [Energy](/usc/42/6311.md?p=7) and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the results of a study that examines the research, development, and demonstration opportunities, challenges, and [standards](/usc/42/1320d.md?p=7) needed for integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid. - (1) **Report requirements—** The report shall include— - (A) an evaluation of the use of electric vehicles to maintain the reliability of the electric grid, including— - (i) the use of electric vehicles for demand response, load shaping, emergency power, and frequency regulation; and - (ii) the potential for the reuse of spent electric vehicle batteries for stationary grid storage; - (B) the impact of grid integration on electric vehicles, including— - (i) the impact of bi-directional electricity flow on battery degradation; and - (ii) the implications of the use of electric vehicles for grid services on original equipment [manufacturer](/usc/42/300aa–33.md?p=3) warranties; - (C) the impacts to the electric grid of increased penetration of electric vehicles, including— - (i) the distribution grid infrastructure needed to support an increase in charging capacity; - (ii) strategies for integrating electric vehicles onto the distribution grid while limiting infrastructure upgrades; - (iii) the changes in electricity demand over a 24-hour cycle due to electric vehicle charging behavior; - (iv) the load increases expected from electrifying the transportation sector; - (v) the potential for [customer](/usc/42/7275.md?p=5) incentives and other managed charging stations strategies to shift charging off-peak; - (vi) the technology needed to achieve bi-directional power flow on the distribution grid; and - (vii) the implementation of smart charging techniques; - (D) research on the [standards](/usc/42/1320d.md?p=7) needed to integrate electric vehicles with the grid, including communications systems, protocols, and charging stations, in collaboration with the National Institute for [Standards](/usc/42/1320d.md?p=7) and Technology; - (E) the cybersecurity challenges and needs associated with electrifying the transportation sector; and - (F) an assessment of the feasibility of adopting technologies developed under the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) established under [subsection (a)](#a) at [Department](/usc/42/17001.md?p=1) [facilities](/usc/42/11049.md?p=4). - (2) **Recommendations—** As part of the Vehicles-to-Grid Integration Assessment Report, the [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall develop a 10-year roadmap to guide the research, development, and demonstration [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) to integrate electric vehicles onto the electric grid. - (3) **Consultation—** In developing this report, the [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall consult with relevant stakeholders, including— - (A) electric vehicle [manufacturers](/usc/42/300aa–33.md?p=3); - (B) electric utilities; - (C) public utility [commissions](/usc/42/2000ff.md?p=1); - (D) vehicle battery [manufacturers](/usc/42/300aa–33.md?p=3); - (E) electric vehicle supply equipment [manufacturers](/usc/42/300aa–33.md?p=3); - (F) charging infrastructure [manufacturers](/usc/42/300aa–33.md?p=3); - (G) the [National Laboratories](/usc/42/7381c–1.md?p=a-3); and - (H) other Federal agencies, as the [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) determines appropriate. - (4) **Updates—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall update the report required under this section every 3 years for the duration of the [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) under section[^1] (a) and shall submit the updated report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of [Representatives](/usc/42/3058f.md?p=5) and the Committee on [Energy](/usc/42/6311.md?p=7) and Natural Resources of the Senate. - (c) **Program implementation—** In carrying out the research, development, demonstration, and commercial application aims of section,[^2] the [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall— - (1) implement the recommendations set forth in the report in [subsection (b)](#b); and - (2) coordinate across all relevant [program](/usc/42/274l–1.md?p=4) [offices](/usc/42/3058f.md?p=1) at the [Department](/usc/42/17001.md?p=1) to achieve the goals established in this section, including the [Office](/usc/42/3058f.md?p=1) of Electricity. - (d) **Testing capabilities—** The [Secretary](/usc/42/17001.md?p=3) shall coordinate with the [National Laboratories](/usc/42/7381c–1.md?p=a-3) to develop testing capabilities for the evaluation, rapid prototyping, and optimization of technologies enabling integration of electric vehicles onto the electric grid. ## Footnotes [^1]: So in original. Probably should be “subsection”. [^2]: So in original. Probably should be “of this section,”. ## Source credit (Pub. L. 110–140, title I, § 137, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title VIII, § 8004(c), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2584.)