---
kind: "section"
citation: "19 U.S.C. § 4533"
title: "19"
title_heading: "Customs Duties"
number: "4533"
heading: "Actions regarding verification of claims under the USMCA"
release: "119-102"
url: "https://uscodex.org/usc/19/4533"
units:
  - "Chapter 29 — United States–mexico–canada Agreement Implementation"
  - "Subchapter II — Customs Provisions"
---

# §4533. Actions regarding verification of claims under the USMCA

- (a) **Verification—**
  - (1) **Origin verification—**
    - (A) **In general—** The Secretary of the Treasury may, pursuant to [article 5](/usc/19/3602.md?p=h-1).9 of the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9), conduct a verification of whether a good is an originating good under section [4531](/usc/19/4531.md) or [4532](/usc/19/4532.md) of this title.
    - (B) **Additional requirements—** If the Secretary conducts a verification under [subparagraph (A)](#a-1-A), the President may direct the Secretary—
      - (i) during the verification process, to release the good only upon payment of duties or provision of security; and
      - (ii) if the Secretary makes a negative determination under [subsection (b)](#b), to take action under [subsection (c)](#c).
  - (2) **Textile and apparel goods—**
    - (A) **In general—** The Secretary of the Treasury may, pursuant to article 6.6 of the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9), conduct a verification described in [subparagraph (C)](#a-2-C) with respect to a [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5).
    - (B) **Additional requirements—** If the Secretary conducts a verification under [subparagraph (A)](#a-2-A) with respect to a [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5), the President may direct the Secretary—
      - (i) during the verification process, to take appropriate action described in [subparagraph (D)](#a-2-D); and
      - (ii) if the Secretary makes a negative determination described in [subsection (b)](#b), to take action under [subsection (c)](#c).
    - (C) **Verification described—** A verification described in this subparagraph with respect to a [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) is—
      - (i) a verification of whether the good qualifies for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9); or
      - (ii) a verification of whether customs offenses are occurring or have occurred with respect to the good.
    - (D) **Action during verification—** Appropriate action described in this subparagraph may consist of—
      - (i) release of the [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)](#a-2-C) upon payment of duties or provision of security;
      - (ii) suspension of [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) with respect to—
        - (I) the [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)(i)](#a-2-C-i), if the Secretary determines that there is insufficient information to support the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7); or
        - (II) any [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) exported or produced by a person that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)(ii)](#a-2-C-ii) if the Secretary of the Treasury determines that there is insufficient information to support the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) made with respect to that good;
      - (iii) denial of [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) with respect to—
        - (I) the [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)(i)](#a-2-C-i) if the Secretary determines that incorrect information has been provided to support the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7); or
        - (II) any [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) exported or produced by a person that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)(ii)](#a-2-C-ii) if the Secretary determines that the person has provided incorrect information to support the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) that has been made with respect to that good;
      - (iv) detention of any [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) exported or produced by a person that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)](#a-2-C) if the Secretary determines that there is insufficient information to determine the country of origin of that good; and
      - (v) denial of entry into the United States of any [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) exported or produced by a person that is the subject of a verification described in [subparagraph (C)](#a-2-C) if the Secretary determines that the person has provided incorrect information regarding the country of origin of that good.
- (b) **Negative determination—**
  - (1) **In general—** A negative determination described in this subsection with respect to a good imported, exported, or produced by an [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer is a determination by the Secretary, based on a verification conducted under [subsection (a)](#a), that—
    - (A) a claim by the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer that the good qualifies as an originating good under [section 4531 of this title](/usc/19/4531.md) is inaccurate; or
    - (B) the good does not qualify for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) because—
      - (i) the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer failed to respond to a written request for information or failed to provide sufficient information to determine that the good qualifies as an originating good;
      - (ii) after receipt of a written notification for a visit to conduct verification under [subsection (a)](#a), the [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) did not provide written consent for that visit;
      - (iii) the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer does not maintain, or denies access to, records or documentation required under [section 1508(l)](/usc/19/1508.md?p=l) of this title;
      - (iv) in the case of verification conducted under [subsection (a)(2)](#a-2)—
        - (I) access or permission for a site visit is denied;
        - (II) officials of the United States are prevented from completing a site visit on the proposed date and the [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) does not provide an acceptable alternative date for the site visit; or
        - (III) the [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) does not provide access to relevant documents or facilities during a site visit; or
      - (v) the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer—
        - (I) otherwise fails to comply with the requirements of this section; or
        - (II) based on the preponderance of the evidence, circumvents the requirements of this section.
  - (2) **Requests for information—** The Secretary shall not make a negative determination described in [paragraph (1)(B)](#b-1-B) unless—
    - (A) in a case in which the Secretary conducts a verification with respect to a good by written request or questionnaire submitted to the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A) under [article 5](/usc/19/3602.md?p=h-1).9.1(a) of the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) and the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) is based on a certification of origin completed by the [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) of the good, the Secretary requests information from the [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) that completed the certification; or
    - (B) in a case in which the Secretary conducts a verification with respect to a [textile or apparel good](/usc/19/4002.md?p=5) by requesting a site visit under article 6.6.2 of the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9), the Secretary requests information from the [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A) and from any [exporter or producer](/usc/19/1677.md?p=28) that provided information to the Secretary to support the claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7).
- (c) **Action based on determination—**
  - (1) **Denial of preferential tariff treatment—** Upon making a negative determination described in [subsection (b)(1)](#b-1) with respect to a good, the Secretary may deny [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) with respect to the good.
  - (2) **Withholding of preferential tariff treatment based on pattern of conduct—** If verifications of origin relating to [identical goods](/usc/19/4502.md?p=3) indicate a pattern of conduct by an [importer](/usc/19/1641.md?p=i-4-A), exporter, or producer of false or unsupported representations relevant to a claim that a good imported into the United States qualifies for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9), U.S. Customs and Border Protection, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary, may withhold [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9) for entries of those goods imported, exported, or produced by that person until U.S. Customs and Border Protection determines that person has established compliance with requirements for claims for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9).
- (d) **Prevention of circumvention—** In making a determination under this section, including whether to accept or reject a claim for [preferential tariff treatment](/usc/19/4502.md?p=7) under the [USMCA](/usc/19/4502.md?p=9), the Secretary shall interpret the requirements of this section in a manner to avoid and prevent circumvention of those requirements.

## Source credit

(Pub. L. 116–113, title II, § 207, Jan. 29, 2020, 134 Stat. 49.)

## Notes

### Executive Documents

### Delegation of Functions

Proc. No. 10053, pars. (10)–(12), June 29, 2020, 85 F.R. 39826, authorized the Committee for Implementation of Textile Agreements to exercise the authority of the President under subsec. (a)(1)(B) and (a)(2)(B) to direct action under subsec. (c) or (a)(2)(D), respectively, of this section with respect to textile and apparel goods, and authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to exercise the authority of the President under subsec. (a)(1)(B) to direct action under subsec. (a)(1)(B)(i) or (c) of this section with respect to goods other than textile or apparel goods.